AGREEMENT ON ENHANCED DEFENCE AND SECURITY COOPERATION BETWEEN UKRAINE AND DENMARK

Introduction

Ukraine and Denmark hereinafter jointly referred to as “the Participants”

• 1. Acknowledge the sovereign right of Ukraine to defend itself against Russia’s full-scale war of aggression against Ukraine and the imperative of sustained international support for Ukraine’s defence and post‑conflict recovery.
• 2. Have regard to the importance of promoting cooperation with NATO, the EU, the Joint Expeditionary Force (JEF), the Nordic-Baltic countries and other like-minded partners in promoting peace, stability, and international security;
• 3. Consider the mutual interest of the Participants in strengthening cooperation in the field of defence and security, including through coordinated actions and joint activities in support of their national security and defence;
• 4. Note the shared interest of the Participants in establishing and developing defence industrial and technological cooperation and securing supply of defence capabilities as a foundation for a long-term, mutually beneficial security partnership;
• 5. Recognise the unique operational experience and doctrinal lessons of the Defence Forces of Ukraine in countering large‑scale, technology‑enabled threats, and the value of sharing such expertise for collective resilience;

Take into account

• the Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Defence of Ukraine and the Ministry of Defence of the Kingdom of Denmark on Military Cooperation signed March 1 2006; 
• the Agreement on Security Cooperation and Long-term Support between Denmark and Ukraine signed February 23 2024;
• the Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry for Strategic Industries of 
  Ukraine and the Ministry of Defence of Denmark concerning the funding of contributions through the Ukrainian defence industry, signed 13 June 2024 and;
• the Memorandum of Understanding between the Ministry of Industry, Business and 
  Financial Affairs of the Kingdom of Denmark, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the 
  Kingdom of Denmark, the Ministry of Defence of the Kingdom of Denmark and the 
  Ministry of Defence of Ukraine concerning the establishment by Ukrainian defence 
  companies of defence production in the territory of the Kingdom of Denmark under 
  certain terms, signed 6 October 2025.

Purpose of the Agreement

• 6. The purpose of this Political Agreement is to strengthen our partnership and advance our cooperation in a structured, practical, evolving, and forward-looking manner. The arrangements set out in this Agreement contribute to the further development of the Strategic Partnership between the Participants.
• 7. To achieve this purpose, this Agreement establishes a mutually beneficial security partnership aimed at strengthening our defence capabilities, advancing industrial and technological cooperation and sharing operational expertise.

Reaffirming security cooperation and long-term support

• 8. European security is indivisible and Ukraine’s security is inseparable from the security of the Euro-Atlantic community.
• 9. Denmark reaffirms its support to Ukraine for the ten-year duration (2024-2034) as stated in the Agreement on Security Cooperation and Long-term Support between Ukraine and Denmark signed February 23 2024.
• 10. Since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale war of aggression, Denmark has provided long-term and substantial lethal and non-lethal military support to Ukraine in terms of weapons, equipment and other military assistance, including training to Ukraine’s self-defence, resilience and deterrence of future Russian aggression, as well as civilian support for Ukraine’s resilience, reconstruction and relief of the war-affected population.
• 11. Since the Russian full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Denmark has allocated approx. EUR 11,0 billion in support for Ukraine which includes approx. EUR 9.9 billion in military support and approx. EUR 1.1 billion in civilian contributions.
• 12.  In addition to the above-mentioned support, Denmark has additionally allocated EUR 454 million to the Ukraine Fund in military support to Ukraine in 2026.
• 13. Therefore, Denmark is able to announce the 30th Military Support Package to Ukraine with a total value of approx. EUR 589 million in 2026-2027. Among other things, the package contains approx. EUR 174 million in support to the Danish model for donations through Ukrainian defence industry in 2026, approx. EUR 87 million in support to the Prioritised Ukraine Requirements List (PURL) in 2026, and approx. EUR 47 million in support to the development of anti-ballistic capabilities (Project Freya) in 2026-2027. 
• 14. Denmark will remain unwavering in its military, civilian and humanitarian support for Ukraine and will, together with Allies and partners, work to place Ukraine in the 
  strongest possible position. Denmark’s Ukraine Fund continues to serve as the 
  comprehensive framework for the long-term military and civilian support.
• 15. Building on the aforementioned commitments, Denmark further reaffirms its readiness to support the strengthening and modernization of Ukraine’s defence capabilities according to budget availability within Denmark’s Ukraine Fund.
• 16. Denmark will prioritise funding and administrative leadership for the Danish Model, a dedicated mechanism for financing procurement from the Ukrainian defence industry for Ukraine's defence needs.
• 17. Denmark will continue its efforts to build and strengthen Ukraine’s Air Force as a co-lead of the Air Force Capability Coalition (AFCC). More specifically, Denmark will support efforts to sustain the Ukrainian F-16 capacity and other relevant air capabilities together with the AFCC, including with the donation of platforms, equipment, ammunition, training and maintenance working towards the long-term goal of ensuring NATO-interoperability for the Ukrainian Air Force.
• 18. Denmark will continue to work actively within the EU to ensure macro-financial support for Ukraine and to further international coordination. 
• 19. Denmark will support private sector cooperation including the established Ukraine Facility with loan and guarantee schemes under the Export and Investment Fund of Denmark (EIFO).
• 20. Further, Denmark will continue its efforts to integrate Ukraine and its defence industry in the EU’s cooperation on capability development, as well as the EU’s defence industrial and technological programs.
• 21. Denmark will allocate funding for the procurement of drones and counter-drone 
  capacities from the Ukrainian defence industry as a matter of priority aligned with 
  Danish national defence priorities with the amount of up to EUR 100 million in 2026. Additional future allocation of funding will be determined through mutual consultations and could encompass procurement of Ukrainian defence equipment and weapons systems, implementation of joint projects, co-production arrangements, localisation of defence production in Denmark, and other mutually agreed activities. Such allocations will be subject to national legislation. The Participants affirm their intention to continue such cooperation to explore opportunities for its further expansion in subsequent years, for the duration of this Agreement, subject to parliamentary processes and available appropriations, consistent with the needs and requirements of the Danish Armed Forces 
  and evolving defence priorities.

General areas of cooperation

• 22. The Participants affirm their commitment to mutually support our bilateral security and defence cooperation across key dimensions such as supply and procurement of defence capabilities and defence industrial and technological collaboration.
• 23. The Participants will cooperate with a view to exchanging operational experience and lessons learned from modern and high-intensity warfare across our defence establishments, including defence planning, capability development, research, education, training and exercises.
• 24. Within the identified areas of cooperation, the Participants will place particular 
  emphasis on the development of capabilities including, but not limited to, unmanned systems, air and missile defence, artificial intelligence, electronic warfare and other emerging technologies. Priority will be given to transparent and mutually beneficial export cooperation.
• 25. The Participants affirm our commitment to mutual support in the event of emerging security threats or armed aggression, including crisis coordination and consultations, in line with national legislation, existing international commitments, and in close coordination with trusted partners. 

Procurement of defence capabilities

• 26. The Participants will cooperate in the supply and scalable procurement of critical defence capabilities and solutions, including, but not limited to, unmanned systems, missiles, energetic materials, electronic warfare systems, and ammunition, supported by scalable and long-term mutual commitment. 
• 27. In order to contribute to the strengthening of mutual security, the Participants, in accordance with export control legislation of each of them, will consider the transfer of technology, components and related materials by providing the necessary 
  authorizations, including the issuance of export licences. Such transfer may include, where applicable and as mutually agreed by the Participants, the transfer or sharing of intellectual property rights, including within the framework of joint research, development and production projects. Such cooperation will be implemented in accordance with national legislation, including relevant export control regimes.

Defence industrial and technological cooperation

• 28. Ukraine has shown the way in developing rapid, innovative and high-tech defence industrial solutions – which is transferred directly into large-scale industrial production of cost-effective military combat power. Ukraine will support the Danish Armed Forces in establishing a corresponding systematic and ambitious cooperation with research, innovation and production environments in Denmark. 
• 29. The Participants enhanced cooperation will focus on integrating Ukrainian battlefield experience, on training and exercises, information sharing, and defence-industrial integration, innovation and technological cooperation.
• 30. The Participants will work towards closer integration between our industries to facilitate technology transfer, joint R&D, exchange of knowledge, experience and security of supply for our mutual benefit.
• 31. The Participants will promote cooperation in joint production with Danish and Ukrainian companies, technology transfer, licensing arrangements, and the removal of relevant administrative obstacles. The Participants support the further development of Ukraine’s defence capabilities in the field of unmanned systems and technological solutions, as well as the exchange of battlefield lessons learned, including through the exchange of relevant data and the development of cooperation in defence industry and technology with a view to expanding co-production.
• 32. The Participants share a common goal to increase cooperation through the Ukrainian initiatives known as “Build in Ukraine” and “Build with Ukraine”. We will work to support and expand existing projects, such as in the framework of “Build with Ukraine in Denmark”, under these programs and explore new opportunities, both in Ukraine and in Denmark utilizing the joint steering committee for Build with Ukraine in Denmark. 
• 33. The Participants welcome the development of the activities of Ukrainian defence companies in Denmark and Danish defence companies in Ukraine, which will facilitate the exchange of know-how, knowledge and competences between Danish and Ukrainian companies, as well as the relevant ecosystems. The Participants will facilitate the removal, where possible and appropriate, of potential obstacles and barriers to the development of cooperation, including by considering the application of relevant exemptions in the field of public procurement in accordance with European Union law. Such cooperation will be implemented in accordance with international law and applicable national legislation, including relevant export control regimes.
• 34. The Participants will work to strengthen European defence readiness and promote defence innovation. The Participants recognise that defence-industrial cooperation is one of the strategic security priorities for Ukraine, the European Union and NATO.

Operational experience and lessons learned

• 35. Ukraine’s extensive combat experience is an important asset, not only for ensuring the protection of its sovereignty and territorial integrity, but also for strengthening the shared security of the Euro-Atlantic community. Learning from Ukraine’s experience in modern high-intensity warfare, including the use of unmanned systems, electronic warfare, air defence and maritime capabilities, remains a key priority for Denmark.
• 36.  Particular emphasis will be placed on rapid adaptation of training and exercises, taking into account battlefield developments and current experience. The Participants will facilitate the integration of lessons learned into operational planning and force preparedness. Ukrainian instructors will be invited to training and research venues to contribute to development of capability, training and education programmes.
• 37. The Participants will cooperate to incorporate lessons learned across our Defence Forces – in defence planning, investment and research – to enable the identification of possible doctrinal upgrades.
• 38. At the written request of Denmark and in accordance with the domestic law of each Participant, applicable arrangements in the field of security, confidentiality and classification of information, Ukrainian specialists may be sent to Denmark to conduct analytical assessments, deliver training and exercises, exchange operational experience, and assist in the development or revision of doctrines, procedures and best practices. The modalities, scope of activities, liability, financial arrangements and oversight mechanisms governing such engagement will be set out in separate implementing agreements or arrangements.

Key areas for enhanced cooperation

• 39. Within the above-mentioned areas of cooperation, emphasis will be placed on capability areas such as, but not limited to unmanned systems and drones, air defence, artificial intelligence and electronic warfare. Where relevant, this will happen in close cooperation with Danish companies and innovation clusters.:

Unmanned systems and drones

• 40. Recognising the critical importance of sustaining and furthering Ukraine’s drone capability and technological edge in the fight against aggression, Denmark will continue to support strategic drone initiatives.
• 41. The Participants will work together to ensure Ukraine’s ability to provide the required supply of unmanned systems to its defence units and develop mid-strike, deep-strike, interceptor, and other unmanned aerial vehicle capabilities, while facilitating the exchange of relevant knowledge, data and know-how with Denmark. 
• 42. The Participants will facilitate the exploration of ways in which Ukrainian technologies and the Ukrainian unmanned systems industry may contribute to Denmark’s long-term security of supply.

Air defence

• 43. The Participants recognise the importance of developing integrated, multi-layered air defence capabilities as fundamental to our security and defence. 
• 44. The Participants will cooperate at the technical level and engage with relevant partners with a view to developing production capacities for air defence missile systems and accelerating the development of Ukraine’s and Europe’s capabilities in the field of anti-ballistic missile defence.

Artificial intelligence

• 45.. The Participants acknowledge the extremely rapid development in the field of artificial intelligence within defense and security policy, which can be seen not least on the battlefield in Ukraine.
• 46. The Participants recognise the importance of Ukraine’s experience in the field of artificial intelligence, emerging technologies and defence, and will facilitate the 
  exploration of opportunities for developing strategic cooperation, including the 
  exchange of relevant data and artificial intelligence-based solutions.

Electronic warfare

• 47. The Participants recognise the potential for deepening cooperation in the field of electronic warfare with a view to mutually strengthening defence capabilities. The Participants will facilitate the combination of operational experience, technological 
  expertise and innovation in order to develop effective solutions in this field. 

Commitment to implement reforms

• 48. Denmark will support Ukraine’s reform process on the path towards future membership of the EU and NATO.
• 49. The agreement will be based on the highest standards of integrity and robust anti-corruption measures. Ukraine will continue to advance its anti-corruption framework, including strengthening the independence and efficiency of the anti-corruption institutions. Ukraine will ensure a comprehensive oversight of military procurement, including through effective corporate governance structures and civil oversight mechanisms. As an implementer and co-founder of EU’s anti-corruption initiative (EUACI), Denmark will continue to support Ukraine’s fight against corruption through a holistic approach focusing on Ukraine’s anti-corruption institutions, civil society, independent investigative media and Cities of Integrity.

Protection of Restricted Information

• 50. Each Participant will, in accordance with its national legislation, ensure the protection of restricted information received from the other Participant in the framework of the implementation of this Agreement. The exchange of classified information within the framework of this Agreement and the protection of such information shall be governed by the relevant agreements and arrangements between the Participants on the mutual protection of classified information.

Period of the Agreement

• 51. This Agreement is concluded for the period 2026-2034, in accordance with the 
  Agreement on Security Cooperation and Long-term Support between Ukraine and 
  Denmark signed February 23 2024, and will enter into force on the date of its signature. The term of this Agreement may be extended by mutual written consent of the Participants.